CVE-2026-77795 in RuoYi-Vue-Plus
Summary
by MITRE • 08/21/2026
A vulnerability was identified in Dromara RuoYi-Vue-Plus up to 5.6.2. This issue affects the function FlwInstanceController/FlwDefinitionController/FlwCategoryController/FlwSpelController/TestLeaveController of the component Workflow Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to improper authorization. The attack can be launched remotely.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/21/2026
The identified vulnerability in Dromara RuoYi-Vue-Plus versions up to 5.6.2 represents a critical failure in access control mechanisms within its workflow management subsystem. Specifically, the flaw resides in several key controller endpoints including FlwInstanceController, FlwDefinitionController, FlwCategoryController, and FlwSpelController, as well as TestLeaveController. These components are responsible for handling various aspects of workflow instance creation, definition management, category organization, and dynamic expression evaluation via Spring Expression Language (SpEL). The core issue is an improper authorization check that allows unauthenticated or unauthorized users to interact with these endpoints in ways they should not be permitted. This misconfiguration effectively bypasses the intended security boundaries established by the application's role-based access control model, granting attackers elevated privileges without valid credentials.
From a technical perspective, this vulnerability aligns closely with CWE-284 Improper Access Control and potentially CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials if default administrative accounts are exploited due to weak initial configuration. The presence of FlwSpelController is particularly concerning as it suggests the application processes user-supplied input through Spring Expression Language engines. While the primary reported issue is authorization, SpEL injection vulnerabilities often accompany such endpoints when combined with insufficient input validation or overly permissive access rules. An attacker could potentially leverage this improper authorization to execute arbitrary code on the server if they can supply malicious SpEL expressions that are evaluated by the backend. Even without successful remote code execution, the ability to manipulate workflow instances and definitions allows for significant disruption of business logic and data integrity within the application environment.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its remote exploitability. Attackers located anywhere on the network can launch exploits against these endpoints without prior authentication or by bypassing existing session checks. This capability enables unauthorized users to create, modify, or delete workflow definitions and instances, potentially leading to data leakage, denial of service through resource exhaustion, or manipulation of business processes that rely on accurate workflow states. In enterprise environments where RuoYi-Vue-Plus is deployed for internal process automation, such a flaw could allow an external attacker to infiltrate the system, pivot further into the network by exploiting trusted relationships between services, and exfiltrate sensitive data stored within managed workflows. The remote nature of the attack vector significantly increases the risk surface compared to local-only vulnerabilities.
Mitigation strategies must focus on immediate remediation through software updates and rigorous access control hardening. Users running affected versions should upgrade immediately to a patched release where these authorization flaws have been addressed by the development team. In cases where upgrading is not feasible, temporary mitigations include restricting network access to these specific endpoints via firewall rules or reverse proxy configurations, ensuring they are only accessible from trusted internal IP ranges. Additionally, implementing strict input validation on all parameters passed to SpEL expressions and enforcing robust authentication checks at every controller method level can reduce the attack surface. Security teams should also audit existing deployments for signs of exploitation, such as unexpected workflow instances created by unknown users or anomalous system behavior indicative of unauthorized configuration changes. Regular security assessments and penetration testing are recommended to identify similar access control weaknesses in other parts of the application architecture.