CVE-2024-25270 in LMS
Summary
by MITRE • 09/12/2024
An issue in Mirapolis LMS 4.6.XX allows authenticated users to exploit an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability by manipulating the ID parameter and increment STEP parameter, leading to the exposure of sensitive user data.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/14/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-25270 resides within Mirapolis LMS version 4.6.XX and represents a critical Insecure Direct Object Reference flaw that compromises the system's access control mechanisms. This issue affects authenticated users who can manipulate specific parameters within the application's interface to gain unauthorized access to data that should be restricted to particular users or roles. The vulnerability manifests when attackers manipulate the ID parameter and increment the STEP parameter, creating a pathway to bypass normal access controls and retrieve sensitive information belonging to other users within the learning management system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and inadequate authorization checks within the application's backend processing logic. When users make requests to the system, the application relies on direct references to object identifiers without proper verification of the requesting user's authorization level. The manipulation of the ID parameter combined with the STEP parameter increment creates a predictable pattern that allows attackers to iterate through user records and access data that should remain private. This flaw aligns with CWE-284, which specifically addresses inadequate access control mechanisms, and represents a classic example of how weak object reference validation can lead to unauthorized data exposure.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data leakage, as it can result in comprehensive user data breaches including personal information, academic records, and potentially sensitive institutional data. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could access multiple user profiles, potentially compromising the privacy and security of numerous individuals within the LMS environment. The implications are particularly severe in educational settings where student records, grades, and personal information are stored, as this breach could expose sensitive academic data that may be subject to privacy regulations such as FERPA or GDPR. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal technical expertise and can be automated, making it particularly dangerous for widespread impact.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate implementation of proper access control validation mechanisms that verify user authorization before processing any object reference requests. The system must enforce strict parameter validation and implement proper session management to ensure that users can only access resources they are authorized to view. Security measures should include input sanitization, parameterized queries, and comprehensive authorization checks that validate user permissions against each requested resource. Organizations should also implement logging and monitoring capabilities to detect unusual access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving privilege escalation and credential access, as it allows attackers to access data beyond their normal authorization scope. The remediation process should involve thorough code review and security testing to ensure that all object references are properly validated and that no similar flaws exist within the application's architecture.