CVE-2025-61479 in SPC5300.000 Main Board
Summary
by MITRE • 08/26/2026
An issue in Vanderbilt Industries, Acre Security SPC5300.000 Main Board v.3.14.1 allows a physically proximate attacker to cause a denial of service via the SPC Connect Pro software accepts replayed application-layer payloads injected into an active TCP session.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/26/2026
The vulnerability identified in Vanderbilt Industries Acre Security SPC5300.000 Main Board, specifically within version 3.14.1 of the associated hardware and its accompanying SPC Connect Pro software, represents a critical flaw in session management and input validation mechanisms. This security defect allows an attacker who has established physical proximity to the target system to exploit weaknesses in how application-layer payloads are processed during active Transmission Control Protocol sessions. The core technical issue lies in the failure of the receiving endpoint to adequately validate the integrity or freshness of incoming data packets, thereby permitting the injection and execution of replayed commands within a legitimate communication stream. This lack of robust session validation creates an avenue for unauthorized control over critical infrastructure components managed by this hardware platform.
From a technical perspective, the exploitation vector relies on the ability to intercept and replicate network traffic between the SPC Connect Pro software interface and the main board controller. Because the system does not implement sufficient countermeasures against replay attacks, such as sequence number verification, timestamping, or cryptographic nonces, an attacker can capture valid application-layer payloads from a live session and retransmit them to trigger unintended actions. This type of flaw is commonly categorized under CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature, although in this specific context where the primary impact is denial of service rather than authentication bypass or data integrity compromise, it may also align with CWE-20: Improper Input Validation regarding the handling of session-specific parameters. The attacker does not need to decrypt the traffic if they can inject into an active unencrypted or weakly protected TCP stream, leveraging the trust relationship established during initial connection setup.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant for environments relying on the Acre Security SPC5300 series for access control and security management. By successfully injecting replayed payloads, a physically proximate attacker can induce a denial of service condition within the system. This disruption could manifest as unresponsive interfaces, halted door operations, or complete failure of the main board to process legitimate requests from authorized users. In high-security facilities where continuous availability is paramount, such an outage compromises physical safety protocols and operational continuity. Furthermore, if the replayed payloads contain commands that alter configuration settings before causing a crash, the system may enter an unstable state requiring manual intervention to restore normal operations, thereby increasing downtime and maintenance costs.
This vulnerability maps directly to MITRE ATT&CK technique T1539: Steal Web Session Cookie, as it involves hijacking or manipulating active sessions, although in this case the goal is disruption rather than data exfiltration. It also relates to T1076: Remote Desktop Protocol Hijacking if the TCP session allows for remote administrative access, highlighting the risk of lateral movement once initial physical proximity is achieved. The attack requires no prior authentication credentials beyond what is needed to establish a basic connection, making it accessible to individuals with limited technical expertise but who have gained unauthorized physical access to the network segment hosting the device.
Mitigation strategies must focus on both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements. Vanderbilt Industries should release an updated firmware version that implements strict session validation protocols, including unique sequence numbers for each transaction and expiration timestamps for all application-layer payloads. Network-level mitigations include isolating the management interface of the SPC5300 main board into a dedicated VLAN with restricted access controls to limit physical proximity risks. Additionally, implementing mutual TLS authentication can ensure that both client and server verify each other's identity before processing any data, effectively neutralizing replay attacks by binding sessions to specific cryptographic identities rather than just IP addresses or TCP ports. Regular security audits of embedded systems should prioritize session management logic to prevent similar flaws in future hardware revisions.