CVE-2026-104637 in HospitalManagementSystem
Summary
by MITRE • 10/02/2026
A weakness has been identified in onetwothreeneth HospitalManagementSystem up to 9ef91ed6007314b6473110ed699dff76d158f61d. The affected element is the function add_patient/add_physician/add_account/update_account/update_subaccount/edit_physician/edit_patient of the file php/controller.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument img can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/02/2026
The identified vulnerability resides within the Hospital Management System known as onetwothreeneth, specifically affecting code commits up to hash 9ef91ed6007314b6473110ed699dff76d158f61d. The core technical flaw is located in the php/controller.php file, impacting several critical functions including add_patient, add_physician, add_account, update_account, update_subaccount, edit_physician, and edit_patient. These endpoints are responsible for handling user data entry and modification within the healthcare application infrastructure. The specific weakness involves an unrestricted file upload vulnerability triggered by manipulating the img argument passed to these functions. This design flaw allows attackers to bypass intended validation mechanisms that should restrict uploaded files to safe image formats or sizes, thereby granting them the ability to execute arbitrary code on the server if a malicious payload is successfully uploaded and subsequently accessed through appropriate means such as web execution.
From a technical perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-434, which describes an unrestricted upload of file with dangerous type. In many modern web applications, image uploads are processed by backend scripts that may inadvertently allow the storage of executable files like PHP shells if filename extensions or content types are not rigorously validated and sanitized. The presence of multiple affected endpoints suggests a systemic issue in how the application handles media assets across different modules for patient records, physician profiles, and account management. Because these functions handle sensitive healthcare data, the ability to upload arbitrary scripts creates a direct path to remote code execution (RCE). An attacker could exploit this by uploading a PHP web shell disguised as an image file, leveraging weak validation logic that fails to inspect the actual content of the uploaded binary or relies solely on client-side checks which can be easily bypassed using proxy tools.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its remote exploitable nature and the sensitivity of the data involved. Since the attack can be launched remotely without authentication in some configurations, it poses a significant threat to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Successful exploitation could lead to full compromise of the underlying server operating system, allowing attackers to access protected health information (PHI) stored within the database, modify patient records for fraudulent purposes, or use the compromised server as a pivot point for further network intrusion. This aligns with MITRE ATT&CK techniques such as T1505.003 (Web Shell: Web Shell), where attackers establish persistence by uploading malicious scripts to web directories. The rolling release model of this software complicates remediation efforts, as there are no discrete version numbers to target for patching. This continuous delivery approach means that the vulnerability exists in all current builds until a specific commit addresses it, leaving organizations with little granularity in their defense strategies other than monitoring upstream repositories or implementing external controls.
Mitigation and response strategies must account for both immediate containment and long-term architectural improvements. Given that the project has not yet responded to early issue reports, administrators should immediately implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to block requests containing suspicious file extensions or base64-encoded payloads in image parameters. Additionally, server-side configurations should enforce strict MIME type validation using magic number checks rather than relying on file extensions alone. Uploading directories must be configured with execute permissions disabled for the specific paths where images are stored to prevent script execution even if a malicious file is uploaded. For organizations still running affected versions of onetwothreeneth, it is critical to monitor official channels for updates and consider isolating the application from direct internet exposure until a verified patch is released. Future development should integrate automated security testing into the CI/CD pipeline to detect such unrestricted upload flaws before deployment, ensuring that input validation logic is robust against manipulation attempts across all user-facing endpoints.